Arsse/lib/Lang.php

<?php
/** @license MIT
 * Copyright 2017 J. King, Dustin Wilson et al.
 * See LICENSE and AUTHORS files for details */

declare(strict_types=1);
namespace JKingWeb\Arsse;

class Lang {
    const DEFAULT = "en"; // fallback locale
    const REQUIRED = [    // collection of absolutely required strings to handle pathological errors
        'Exception.JKingWeb/Arsse/Exception.uncoded'                     => 'The specified exception symbol {0} has no code specified in AbstractException.php',
        'Exception.JKingWeb/Arsse/Exception.unknown'                     => 'An unknown error has occurred',
        'Exception.JKingWeb/Arsse/Lang/Exception.defaultFileMissing'     => 'Default language file "{0}" missing',
        'Exception.JKingWeb/Arsse/Lang/Exception.fileMissing'            => 'Language file "{0}" is not available',
        'Exception.JKingWeb/Arsse/Lang/Exception.fileUnreadable'         => 'Insufficient permissions to read language file "{0}"',
        'Exception.JKingWeb/Arsse/Lang/Exception.fileCorrupt'            => 'Language file "{0}" is corrupt or does not conform to expected format',
        'Exception.JKingWeb/Arsse/Lang/Exception.stringMissing'          => 'Message string "{msgID}" missing from all loaded language files ({fileList})',
        'Exception.JKingWeb/Arsse/Lang/Exception.stringInvalid'          => 'Message string "{msgID}" is not a valid ICU message string (language files loaded: {fileList})',
    ];

    public $path;                               // path to locale files; this is a public property to facilitate unit testing
    protected $requirementsMet = false;         // whether the Intl extension is loaded
    protected $synched = false;                 // whether the wanted locale is actually loaded (lazy loading is used by default)
    protected $wanted = self::DEFAULT;          // the currently requested locale
    protected $locale = "";                     // the currently loaded locale
    protected $loaded = [];                     // the cascade of loaded locale file names
    protected $strings = self::REQUIRED;        // the loaded locale strings, merged
    /** @var \MessageFormatter */
    protected $formatter;

    public function __construct(string $path = BASE."locale".DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR) {
        $this->path = $path;
    }

    public function set(string $locale, bool $immediate = false): string {
        // make sure the Intl extension is loaded
        if (!$this->requirementsMet) {
            $this->checkRequirements();
        }
        // if requesting the same locale as already wanted, just return (but load first if we've requested an immediate load)
        if ($locale === $this->wanted) {
            if ($immediate && !$this->synched) {
                $this->load();
            }
            return $locale;
        }
        // if we've requested a locale other than the null locale, fetch the list of available files and find the closest match e.g. en_ca_somedialect -> en_ca
        if ($locale !== "") {
            $list = $this->listFiles();
            // if the default locale is unavailable, this is (for now) an error
            if (!in_array(self::DEFAULT, $list)) {
                throw new Lang\Exception("defaultFileMissing", self::DEFAULT);
            }
            $this->wanted = $this->match($locale, $list);
        } else {
            $this->wanted = "";
        }
        $this->synched = false;
        // load right now if asked to, otherwise load later when actually required
        if ($immediate) {
            $this->load();
        }
        return $this->wanted;
    }

    public function get(bool $loaded = false): string {
        // we can either return the wanted locale (default) or the currently loaded locale
        return $loaded ? $this->locale : $this->wanted;
    }

    public function dump(): array {
        return $this->strings;
    }

    public function msg(string $msgID, $vars = null): string {
        return $this($msgID, $vars);
    }

    public function __invoke(string $msgID, $vars = null): string {
        // if we're trying to load the system default language and it fails, we have a chicken and egg problem, so we catch the exception and load no language file instead
        if (!$this->synched) {
            try {
                $this->load();
            } catch (Lang\Exception $e) {
                if ($this->wanted === self::DEFAULT) {
                    $this->set("", true);
                } else {
                    throw $e;
                }
            }
        }
        // if the requested message is not present in any of the currently loaded language files, throw an exception
        // note that this is indicative of a programming error since the default locale should have all strings
        if (!array_key_exists($msgID, $this->strings)) {
            throw new Lang\Exception("stringMissing", ['msgID' => $msgID, 'fileList' => implode(", ", $this->loaded)]);
        }
        $msg = $this->strings[$msgID];
        // variables fed to MessageFormatter must be contained in an array
        if ($vars===null) {
            // even though strings not given parameters will not get formatted, we do not optimize this case away: we still want to catch invalid strings
            $vars = [];
        } elseif (!is_array($vars)) {
            $vars = [$vars];
        }
        $this->formatter = $this->formatter ?? new \MessageFormatter($this->locale, "Initial message");
        if (!$this->formatter->setPattern($msg)) {
            throw new Lang\Exception("stringInvalid", ['error' => $this->formatter->getErrorMessage(), 'msgID' => $msgID, 'fileList' => implode(", ", $this->loaded)]);
        }
        $msg = $this->formatter->format($vars);
        if ($msg===false) {
            throw new Lang\Exception("dataInvalid", ['error' => $this->formatter->getErrorMessage(), 'msgID' => $msgID, 'fileList' => implode(", ", $this->loaded)]); // @codeCoverageIgnore
        }
        return $msg;
    }

    public function list(string $locale = ""): array {
        $out = [];
        $files = $this->listFiles();
        foreach ($files as $tag) {
            $out[$tag] = \Locale::getDisplayName($tag, ($locale === "") ? $tag : $locale);
        }
        return $out;
    }

    public function match(string $locale, array $list = null): string {
        $list = $list ?? $this->listFiles();
        $default = ($this->locale === "") ? self::DEFAULT : $this->locale;
        return \Locale::lookup($list, $locale, true, $default);
    }

    protected function checkRequirements(): bool {
        if (!extension_loaded("intl")) {
            throw new ExceptionFatal("The \"Intl\" extension is required, but not loaded"); // @codeCoverageIgnore
        }
        $this->requirementsMet = true;
        return true;
    }

    /** @codeCoverageIgnore */
    protected function globFiles(string $path): array {
        // we wrap PHP's glob function in this method so that unit tests may override it
        return glob($path."*.php");
    }

    protected function listFiles(): array {
        $out = $this->globFiles($this->path."*.php");
        // trim the returned file paths to return just the language tag
        $out = array_map(function($file) {
            $file = str_replace(DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, "/", $file); // we replace the directory separator because we don't use native paths in testing
            $file = substr($file, strrpos($file, "/")+1);
            return strtolower(substr($file, 0, strrpos($file, ".")));
        }, $out);
        // sort the results
        natsort($out);
        return $out;
    }

    protected function load(): bool {
        if (!$this->requirementsMet) {
            $this->checkRequirements();
        }
        // if we've requested no locale (""), just load the fallback strings and return
        if ($this->wanted === "") {
            $this->strings = self::REQUIRED;
            $this->locale = $this->wanted;
            $this->synched = true;
            $this->formatter = null;
            return true;
        }
        // decompose the requested locale from specific to general, building a list of files to load
        $tags = \Locale::parseLocale($this->wanted);
        $files = [];
        while (sizeof($tags) > 0) {
            $files[] = strtolower(\Locale::composeLocale($tags));
            $tag = array_pop($tags);
        }
        // include the default locale as the base if the most general locale requested is not the default
        if ($tag !== self::DEFAULT) {
            $files[] = self::DEFAULT;
        }
        // save the list of files to be loaded for later reference
        $loaded = $files;
        // reduce the list of files to be loaded to the minimum necessary (e.g. if we go from "fr" to "fr_ca", we don't need to load "fr" or "en")
        $files = [];
        foreach ($loaded as $file) {
            if ($file === $this->locale) {
                break;
            }
            $files[] = $file;
        }
        // if we need to load all files, start with the fallback strings
        $strings = [];
        if ($files === $loaded) {
            $strings[] = self::REQUIRED;
        } else {
            // otherwise start with the strings we already have if we're going from e.g. "fr" to "fr_ca"
            $strings[] = $this->strings;
        }
        // read files in reverse order
        $files = array_reverse($files);
        foreach ($files as $file) {
            if (!file_exists($this->path."$file.php")) {
                throw new Lang\Exception("fileMissing", $file);
            } elseif (!is_readable($this->path."$file.php")) {
                throw new Lang\Exception("fileUnreadable", $file);
            }
            try {
                // we use output buffering in case the language file is corrupted
                ob_start();
                $arr = (include $this->path."$file.php");
            } catch (\Throwable $e) {
                $arr = null;
            } finally {
                ob_end_clean();
            }
            if (!is_array($arr)) {
                throw new Lang\Exception("fileCorrupt", $file);
            }
            $strings[] = $arr;
        }
        // apply the results and return
        $this->strings = call_user_func_array("array_replace_recursive", $strings);
        $this->loaded = $loaded;
        $this->locale = $this->wanted;
        $this->synched = true;
        $this->formatter = null;
        return true;
    }
}